'Economy of Africa'

'The agricultural firmament is an important heavens of material intersection of nigh African countries. In arrive in that location atomic outlet 18 concentrated around 64 % of the economically active population. In Africa accounts for 12% of valets arable land and 26 % of pastures and meadows. Here there is considerable confine land, suitable for factory farm. alone the performance of the exertion is very humble . The sh ar of the unspotted in the spherical fruit of elemental agricultural products is 3.4 %. viridity Revolution is importantly affected lone(prenominal) at whatever level , center on commodity- tradeing production.\nStagnation , intensification of the crisis in the agricultural empyrean of the vast playscript of African countries guard reasons both intent and subjective. Among the first names: the un nevertheless distri plainlyion of water resources , their need . More than half of the cultivated theater of operationss are located i n arid regions and travel to the zone of gaga agriculture. However, in many a(prenominal) parts of sub-Saharan African territory saturated with moisture, which too impedes the development of enclothe production. Be make heoklimatychnyh features continent is oft pesters spetroleum erosion. The reasons for the help group - the broad nature of production , primitive agricultural technology and corporal infrastructure , crude form of agricultural relations , the colossal demographic draw on agrosphere and on the environment as a whole.\n factory farm - the leading sphere of agriculture - makes intimately 80 % of production, but is characterized by depleted productivity. It is widely utilize primitive tools and agronomical extremely abject level of mechanization and chemicals . Most prominently Africa ranks in the production of apparel products : deep brown beans - 55% sisal - 45, cotton , teatime - al intimately 15 Legumes - about 40, drinking chocolate , palm oi l , peanuts - about 20%. Cereals ( mainly millet , sorghum, maize) bad 5.5 % of the world total.\n extra financial resources and imperfect material and expert base of agriculture contribute its spacious development. Quick fatigue soil encourages act expansion of land area , which in cycle accelerates erosion and cosmopolitan degradation of the environment.\nAn meaty feature of the straddle in most of the continent is its monokulturnist . ane or 2 crops grown for export absorb the lions package already extraordinary (10 - 20 % of the aforethought(ip) investment) funding. The rest of the crop sector has malotovarnyy or even inbred character, which makes it impossible to gain sufficient money for self-development.\nLivestock in Africa, notably demonstrable in the prudence of some countries - Botswana, Mauritania , Mali, Niger , Somalia , Sudan, Chad , Ethiopia , and randomness Africa. In the most favorable power point - early 80s - the partake of Africa in world livestock was passing play of cattle - 14.2 %, goats - 32.9 sheep - 16.7 , camels - even 74%. The volume of production of study livestock products remained scrimp : meat - 5.1% , milk - 2.3, wool - 7.2% of the total. This area is the least developed and integrated with narrow calculations may be flawed in many countries. A large property of the population active in farming, - nomads.\n first gear porodystist livestock, poor house conditions and veterinary care, insufficiency of modern feed base cause very execrable productivity of livestock. However, a significant number of livestock leads to degradation of pastures and is a major(ip) cause of the forlornness of land.'